Ukugcina Isimo Fecal: Kungani Kudinga

Yini ngokushesha i-FOB fecal collection?

Ukugcina isimo fecal kuxhomeke ekugcineni amaqhwa amaswoti ngokusebenzisa imisebe yemikhawulo noma amaglobuline. Ngokwehlanzekile nokwenza imicabango engavumelanga ukujuluka kwezinhloso zokujuluka, lokhu kuxhomeke kwezindawo kudinga ukujuluka kwezinhloso. Abasebenzi bacola amaqhwa amaswoti amancane ngemva kwezinyanga ezimbili noma ezintathu ukuxhomekeka kwezindlela zokugcina.

Ukuxhuma Phakathi Koku gcina Isimo Fecal ne-ukwazi lokuqala kwezinhloso zokugcina isimo

I-colorectal cancer ekuqaleni kune 91% isigaba sokudala ngemva kwezingu-5 njengoko 14% kubantu abanemiphakathi . Ukujola kwe-FOBT kunciphisa ubudala ngokuqala kwezinhloso zokugcina isimo noma amagciwane. Imicabango ye-FOBT engenziwanga kakhulu kanciphisa izindleko zokwazi ngokuqala ngokwe 33% ngokuxhasa ukwazi lokuqala kwezinhloso zokugcina isimo noma amagciwane. Imicabango engenziwanga kakhulu ye-FOBT iyanciphisa izindleko zokwazi ngokuqala ngokuwe 40% kubasebenzisa amakhosi aqho kakhulu, ukulahlwa kweqimba lekuphileni kwezinhlanu ezingaphansi kwezimali.

Ukuthi i-FOBT iyafuna kanjani kwezinye izindlela zokuhlola umoya wezibhakabhaka

Uhlobo Lweqenqo	Isibalo sokuqala	Ukubangelwa	Indlela Yokuhlolwa	Izindlela Eziqinisiweyo
FOBT (Guaiac)	Ngonyaka/Ngeminyaka Emibili	Ayinakubangelwa	Ukukhombisa umoya ngechemikhali	Ukuhlola okunemvunulo wokuphakama
FIT	Ngonyaka	Ayinakubangelwa	Ukudetektha ngokusebenzisa amandla	Ukudinga okuphezulu kwe-sensitivity
Colonoscopy	Ngeminyaka engemibili	Invasive	Ukubona ngqo	Ukubonakala ngokuphezulu

Nakuba i-colonoscopy ihlala iyindlela evamile, i-FOBT iyithuluzi elibiza kakhulu eliyisisekelo ezinhlelweni zokuhlolwa. Izinyathelo zezempilo yomphakathi zibeka phambili i-FOBT ngenxa yokwehla kwayo, izinga lokulandela imithetho elingu-78% emikhankasweni yokuhlola ehleliwe.

Isayensi Eyenza Kuhlolwe Igazi Ngezinhlayiya

Izimiso Zokuhlolwa Kwegazi Okufihliwe Okuvela Emathunjini (FOBT)

I-FOBT ithola igazi elincane kakhulu endle ngokusebenzisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuhloselwe izakhi ze-hemoglobin. Ukuhlolwa okuvamile okusekelwe ku-guaiac kukhomba umsebenzi we-peroxidase kuma-molecule e-heme, kuyilapho ama-FOBT omzimba (iFOBT) asebenzisa ama-antibody athile ku-hemoglobin yomuntu.

Ukuzwela kanye nokukhethekile kokuqoqwa kwamathumbu e-FOB

Izindlela zanamuhla ze-FOBT zibonisa ukuzwela okungu-89% kanti ukucaciswa okungu-91% ukwakhiwa kwezihlonipho eziphakeme (CRC). Uma kudinyaniselwe nezinye izinhlobo zokwakhiwa njenge-fecal calprotectin, ukwakhiwa kwezihlonipho eziphakeme kungenhla ngokuphindwe kabili ngo 18% .

Ukusebenza Kwemithi yokwakhiwa (FOBT) ezigundweni ezingenamaphoyisa

Ukuthintana kwezinye izihlonipho eziphakeme kwaFOBT kuthintela ukungcola kweCRC ngokuphindwe kabili ngo 25% ngeminyaka engu-10. Izinhlonipho njenge- Australia's Inhlonipho Yokwakhiwa Kwesihlonipho Sezinhlanu (NBCSP) kuthintela 72% yezinye izihlonipho eziphakeme , ngokulingana no 60% yezinye izihlonipho eziphakeme kuzo izimo ezingenakuphela.

Ukuxazulula Imiphakathi Yemiphakathi Nezinkinga Zokudokotela

Ngenkathi i-FOBT ikhombisa iindlela ezingi-93 , amagama akawoti 7 ngamagama akungqinelwanga ngokuba yinto engenakuphela njengoko:

• Ukugqwala kwehemorrhoidal (23%)
• Ukugqwalisa okwenziwe ngu-NSAID (18%)
• Ukuthwala kwezinyanga kumagama akwesilonda (9%)

Kufuneka kwenziwe ubuyiselwe kwi-colonoscopy 96% ye-patiyenti e-FEBT-positive ngodwesithathu.

Isikhwama se-FEB se-Fecal Collection kunoma yiziphi ezinye izindlela zokuhlola se-stool

FEBT vs. Ukuhlola Kwemunyaka (FIT): Amadifferences Atholiwe

I-FIT isetshenzisa amakhwalithi ukuthetha kwa-hemoglobin yabantu, ukwakalela ukuthi kufanele kudla kakhulu futhi ukunikeza ubukhono bokuthola okuphakathi kuka-80% kuya kuka-90% ukuhlola kwe-CRC. Noma i-FIT ibonisa ubukhono bokuthola kuka-68% kwe-adhesions ezikhulu (kuhlanganisa no-52% we-FEBT), kancane kancane ikhona ingxenye yemali kunezinhlelo zokuhlola ezisebenzisa i-DNA.

Imiphiqo Yokuqina Kwemali Ngokusebenzisa Stool Testing

Izinhawu zokukwesha ekuhlaleni zenhance ukufinyelela, ngokudingaka kumaqembu wezindlu, bese zifinyeza imigqa yokugcina ezingama-62% ngokulingana no- 38% yamaqembu egosiniwe .

Kungani Izivivinyo Zokushisa Izingene Esikhundleni

Izivivinyo zokushisa zinezinhlawulo ezintathu:

1. Ukuvivinya okwokuqala iqinisekisa 89% yamaqembu aphakathi (ngokulingana no-76% yezivivinyo zomoya)
2. Ukwenene kwezindilinga eziningi : Akuphumelelwa yi-NSAIDs noma yezinhlobo zokulungisa ukunqelwa
3. Izindleko Eziphumelelayo : kungenxa ye-14 kanje kuhlobo oluphansi kwe-MRI screening

Imisebenzi Eminconyi yokugcina FOB Fecal

Isithombe sokucoca ukugcina ngokuphelele

1. Qoqa amasampula e amathathu kwezinye zokunywa .
2. Evuka ukungena kwezililo noma nesindlela sekhaya.
3. Vulindle amasampula ngokugcwele kabusha ukuvala.
4. Shintshelwe ngigama, usuku, nok hora.

Izindlela eziphathelene zinezimpawu 12% yeziphumo ezingenakho .

Ukuphakama kwekholo nezicelo

• Ukucabanga inyama yebheshi, ikhambu, nevitamin C ngakumbi kusukela ngokuvakashela.
• Qala ukusebenzisa i-NSAIDs 48 amahora ngaphambilini .

Ukugcinwa nokuthuthwa

• Gcina izithisho kuma- 2–8°C uma kungakhathelwa ngaphakathi kwezinye i-24.
• Sebenzisa izinhafu ezingenakuthi zikhishwe ukuze kuvikeleke ukuhlatshelwa kwe-hemoglobin.

Isibonelo seKolekseni yaFeces yeFOB

Ukuthuthukiswa kweqiniso

Izinhawu zokudibanisa ukwazi ukwesithfekile nezinhlobo zokwesithfekile zenziwa isinkameli esingu-92% nemali nezindlela zokulandelela i-QR-code zineshapho lokuthuthukisa ubuningi bokwengezeka ngama-15% .

Ukuxhuma kwezempilo nezibonelo

• Izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuxhumana kuhlela isikhathi sokusabela.
• Amaphothali we-Blockchain abhalwa ngemva yekasi lekhiyela.
• Izinhlelo zokubhala ngemisebenzi ye-AI zinikeza ukunciniseka komuntu.

Izinhlelo zase-dijithili zinikeza ukubekwa kwezivivinyo ngokuphindwe kabili ngo 28% emakhaya ephezulu.

Ukuvivinya Okunguweqile

Imiundo ebalwa ngemvume ngoku yenza amandla we-FGBT (isb., kunye ngezinye i-6 izinyanga kuma-pasyenti weLynch syndrome). Izinga elisha le-"liquid biopsy" libamba ukunqunyelwa kwekhanda nase-DNA yekhiya ephindwe ekuhlaleni. i-89% positive predictive value .

I-FOBT iyavuthela ngokuba yilisekelo esibalweni be-ecosystems yokuvatha ngokucophelela precision screening ecosystems .

Isikhombisi Sokuqala

Yini i-FOB fecal collection ikwazi?

I-FOB fecal collection ikwazi ukubonisa amagciwane esitolo, engenza ukuthi kubonakale amaphutha okugcinwa kwamanzi, akudingi cancer ya-colorectal.

Yini ama-Amerika kufanele baphakathi ngokuvutha kwe-FOBT?

I-Amerika Cancer Society ikusho ukuthi kufanele kube yilanga noma ngokungu-2 intengo ye-FOBT yabantu abasezingeni eliphezulu, abathola kakhulu ngenhla ya-45.

Ngapikani na i-FOBT ne-colonoscopy?

Noma i-colonoscopy iyagcinwa ngokuba yisibonelo esigcwele yokuvavanya i-colorectal cancer ngokubona ngqo, i-FOBT iyasebenza ngokuba yilisekelo esinamathela futhi esikwenzakalelayo yokwazi ukuthola amachawala okucindezeka kwamagciwane.