Huihuinga Ngākau FOB: He aha te take

He aha te whakuhu FOB fecal?

Kei te whakauru te huihuinga ngākau FOB i te whai whakaaro i ngā tauira paru ki te toto huna (tōto whakaputangia) mā te whakamahi i ngā rāwekenga kimikimi, heke atu rānei. Kaua ko ngā tikanga pāwhara pērā i te colonoscopy, kāore e hiahiatia he rite whakarite pōpō ki tēnei whakamātau kāinga. Ko te whakauru e ngā paitini i ngā tauira paru iti i runga i ngā rā 2–3 hei whakauru ki ngā tauwhāinga toto.

Te hononga i waenganui i te Huihuinga Ngākau FOB me te Tūhono Tōmua o te Matepukupuku Pōpōkai

Ko te matepukupuku pōpōkai o te tahua tōmua he 91% tautohe 5 tau ki te whai ki 14% mō ngā take pāpaku . Ko te whakamātau FOBT e iti ake ai te matepeke mā te 33% trough tōmua tūhono i ngā pōpōkai toto, heke atu rānei. Ko ngā kaupapa FOBT huinga e whakapai ake i ngā tautohe tūhono tōmua mā te 40% i roto i ngā pakeke neke atu i te 50, e kapi ana i ngā kōwhaiwhai ki te whakauru ki te hauora mō ngā hapori kāore i te tino whakamahi.

Me pēhea e FOBT e tāwhai ana ki ngā tikanga whakamātautau māmā o te mate pukupuku

Momo Whakamātau	Te auau	Te whakauru	Tikanga Whakamātautau	I whakamahia mō
FOBT (Guaiac)	Kia tau/kia rua tau	Kāore he whakauru	Te whakamātautau i te toto	Te whakamātautau i te raru
Tāirua	Kaupeka	Kāore he whakauru	Te tātari e pā ana ki te kaiāra	Mea e hiahiatia ana te whakapakari ake i te māmā
Ko te tātari ki te kōhanga	Kia tekau tau anō	Ko te tātari pakanga	Ko te kite i te wāhi	Te whakapumautanga i te raru

Ahakoa ko te tātari ki te kōhanga te tikanga matua, ko te FOBT te taputapu tuatahi e taea ai te utu i ngā kaupapa tātari e whai raraunga ana. Ko ngā kaupapa hauora i te tāone e whakanui ana i te FOBT mō tana āhua e āwhina ai i te rahi, me te 78% ōrau o ngā kaiwhai i ngā kaupapa tātari e whai tikanga ana.

Te Putaiao o Roto i te Whakamātautau Hau Toto Kua Whakapuru

Ngā Tikanga Matua o te Whakamātautau Hau Toto Kua Whakapuru (FOBT)

Ko te FOBT e kite ana i te toto waitekau ki te pātītītī tru through ngā rāwekenga koiora e whai ana ki ngā kaiwhakawhitinga hau hemoglobin. Ko ngā whakamātautau tawhito e whakamahi ai i te guaiac e whakaae ana i te mahi peroxidase ki roto i ngā molekau heme, kei te whakamahi hoki ngā FOBT immunochemical (iFOBTs) i ngā manawa toto motuhake mō te hemoglobin tangata.

Te Whakapāwheru me te Whakapono Pono o te Kohinga Fecal FOB

Ko ngā tikanga FOBT hou e whakakaha ana 89% whakapāwheru ā 91% whakapono pono mō te kitea i te mate pukupuku tōrēti (CRC). Kua whakakotia ki ētahi atu tohu koiora pērā i te fecal calprotectin, ka pai ake te tūpono whakamātautau mō ngā adenoma matua 18% .

Te Whakamahinga Huiora o te FOBT ki ngā Tāngata Kāore He Tohu

Ko te whakamātau hauora nguingui e whakaiti ana i te mate wheki CRC e 25% mō te 10 tau e pēnei ana ngā kaupapa pēnei i te Awherika Tino Te Kaupapa Whakamātau Mate Wheki o te Oha (NBCSP) kia tutuki 72% o ngā whakapogoa i te wā o te tīmatanga , ina tāwhai i te 60% o ngā whakapogoa i te wā o te mutunga i ngā take e hāngai ana ki ngā tohu.

Te Whakatika i ngā Whakaputanga Hōu me ngā Ukaipōtanga Whakatauira

Ahakoa ko te FOBT e whakaatu ana i te 93% uara whakapono hāngai , 7% o ngā hua e pai ana he whakapunganga hōax he whakapāhunu hoki i:

• Te wheturanga pāpaku (23%)
• Te whakapāhunu i te pāwhara NSAID (18%)
• Te whakawhitinga kai i ngā whakamātautau guaiac (9%)

He tino whakamātautau colonoscopy e hiahiatia ana mō te 96% o ngā kainoho e FOBT-pai i te roanga o te 30 ra.

Te Kohinga Kōpae FOB ki ētahi atu Tikanga Whakamātautau Kōpae

FOBT vs. Te Whakamātautau Immuhi Tuhinga (FIT): Ngā Rerekētanga Matua

Ko FIT ka whakamahi i ngā manawa e tautohu ana i te hemoglobin tangata, ka whakakorea ngā here kai ka tuku i te te whai tāturu 80–90% mō te tātūnga CRC. Ahakoa ko FIT e whakaatu ana i te 68% whai mātau mō ngā ādenoma matua (tērā i te 52% mō FOBT), kei te nui ake te utu whaihua i ngā tātūnga huinga DNA.

Ngā Ūnga o ngā Kete Tātūnga Kōhūtia Whare

Ko ngā kete kohi i te whare e whakapai ake i te wātea, ā, e tino āhua ana mō ngā tāngata noho i ngā takiwā mātāwaka, ka eke ki te 62% tere whakatinga tērā i te 38% mō ngā whakarahinga colonoscopy .

Kei te Mōhiotia tonu ngā Whakamātau Mā Te Karepe he Mea Matua

Kei te whakapono a te whakamātau karepe i ngā whetū e toru:

1. Te Rapu Tuatahi : Whakamōhiotia ana 89% o ngā mate pukupuku wāhi noho (vs. 76% mō ngā whakamātau toto)
2. Te Whakapae Rawa : Kāore i paingia e ngā rongoā NSAID, ngā rongoā whakamāmā toto rānei
3. Te whiwhinga moni-tauhoko : 14x kia māmā ake i te arataki MRI mō ngā ropu tūkino iti

Ngā Tikanga Pai hei Whakaputanga Whakapapa Kaihau FOB Tika

Te Aratohu Ngā Whakaputanga Tika

1. Kohikohia ngā tauira mai i kōtahi te nuinga o ngā pātītanga .
2. Kaua e whakauru i te ngota, te wai tōpahi rānei.
3. Whakarere i ngā tauira katoa i mua i te kapi.
4. Whakaingo mā te ingoa, te rā, me te wā.

Ko te tikanga kāore i te tika e āwhina ana i te 12% o ngā whakautu hōu .

Te Pānga o te Kai me ngā Rongoā

• Tērangi kai mātāpuna, rhubarb, me te whakarewa C mō 3 rā i mua i te whakamātau.
• Whakarewa NSAIDs 48 haora i mua .

Te penapena me te kawe

• Whakaputua ngā tauira ki te 2–8°C ki te kāore i te whakapākehia i roto i te 24 haora.
• Whakamahia ngā kōpaki kātata hei whakarere i te pāpaku hemoglobin.

Te anamata o te Kohinga FOB Fecal

Ngā whakapai ake i te whakapono

Ko ngā pātene pūoi e whai ana i te āhua o te toto e whakamuna ana me ngā tohu epigenetic te whakaaetanga 92% mō ngā neoplasia. Ko ngā kete hou ake me ngā aratohu waehere QR ka whakapai ake i te tere o te whakauru tauira 15% .

Ko te Kotahi o te Hauora Matihiko

• Ka arataki ngā tāupātana waea i te wā tino pai hei whakauru.
• Ka whai hokinga ngā pōwhiri pāpaku i ngā wā e neke ana o te tauira.
• Ka heke iho ngā pāpaku AI i te māmā o te ngerewe.

Ka whakapai ake ngā kaupapa matihiko i te whakatinga o te whai whakaaturanga 28% ki ngā takiwā noho-maori.

Ko te Whakamātautau Takotoranga

Ko ngā tauira e wehe ai i te mōrearea inaianei e whakarite ana i ngā wā FOBT (hei tauira, ia 6 marama mō ngā māmā o te whiringa Lynch). Ko ngā kapa "kaiwhakamātautau wai" e kimi ana i te toto huna me te DNA o te kākahu e noho ana i te wai kotahi mō te 89% uara tohu e pai ana .

Kei te whanake a FOBT hei waahanga matua o te ecosystems whakamātautau tūtoke .

Wāhanga FAQ

He aha te mea e kitea e te kohinga FOB?

Ko te kohinga FOB e kite ana i te toto waero ki te paru, ka taea e ia te tohu i ngā take pōpō, tae atu ki te kākahu tōrēkai.

E hia pea te wā mā te whakamātautau FOBT mō ngā Amerikana?

He toa a te American Cancer Society kia whakamahia te FOBT i ia tau, i ngā tau e rua rānei mō ngā kaipakeke tūmatanui e timata ana i te tau 45.

He whai kaha tahi te FOBT ki te colonoscopy?

Ahakoa he aratau matua te colonoscopy mō te whai whakaahua i te mate pukupuku tai, kei te whakamahia te FOBT hei taputapu tuatahi e whai kiko ana kia kitea ngā tohu o te mate i tana wehe wehe.