Whakamatakitaki i te whakapuare kawe i runga i nga hua pai rawa

Me tōirahia e ngā paraihe kawe kounga e toru ngā āhuatanga matihiko matua:

• Te kuhu i te wai : Te mōhio ki te hui i te rahi tino pai o te tauira
• Te whaiwāhi kawe : Te mōhio ki te kawe ake i te >95% o ngā tauira kua hui ki ngā tikanga tārua
• Te tāone kimikimi : Kāore he aukati ki ngā tārua whakatau mate, ki ngā ahumahi ranei mātātoko

I tētahi rangahau 2021 i te Pukapuka mō te Mīkaroheitiniha Kliniki i kitea ngā whakakāo hangarau i whakaatu ai i te 23% teitei ake o ngā tīpapa e wehenga ana i ngā papa tuarangi i ngā taonga puipui kapia mō ngā tono PCR. Ko te pūtake o tēnei herenga mahi he rerekētanga takotoranga:

Ngā Poi Kapia: Ngā Hiranga me ngā Here i te Whakamahi Ċlinical

Ko te paraihe rongoā e tino mōhio ana mō te tiaki i ngā whara nā te pāpaku ake me te uaua o te wai e huinga ai. Heoi anō, ētahi here ka puta ki ngā take tātai arataki:

• I te angiangi o ngā taiariki mātukutuku : Ko ngā kōrero paraihe o te paraihe taketake e ārai ana i te tipu o ngā kararehe mātukutuku
• Te pupuri i ngā aho : Ka taea e ngā aho noa te kirihou i ngā tauira matauranga wai
• te rerekētanga o te pH : Ko ngā aho kore-kirikiri e rerekē ana i te kimikimeka o ngā kōrero mātukutuku

I tētahi ārotake i te tau 2022, i kitea he 34% o ngā paraihe paraihe i te hinga i ngā whakamātautau uaua aho e whai ana i te ISO i ngā mahi tātai arataki matatoa.

Ngā Aho Hāwhe me te Takotoranga Paraihe Flocked

Ka whakatika ngā aho paraihe hou ake hākinakina me te nylon i ngā here o te paraihe trū tēnei ara:

1. Ngā whakaritenga mata hydrophilic whakawhanaketia te koha o ngā rauropi
2. Ngā tauwāhi pīroiroi tūpuhi waihanga i ngā mata kohinga 360°
3. Ngā takotoranga monofilament whakakorekore ai i te kirihou kirihou

Ko te hangarau pīroiroi e piki ake ana i te 40% te hua o ngā selu tērā i te pāpaku puawai i ngā tauira koiora ( Mīkuruwhaiora Haurangi me te Hauora , 2023). Hei whakamārama noa i te:

• Te whakaaetanga o te mīhini whakatuku iri
• Koretake rawa te pupuruhanga tauira ki ngā pūtau whakaputa
• Mahi taurite i ngā rahi o te hūmata

Te Hangarau Puremu Māpango me te Mahi Whakapōki

Ngā vantex o ngā Puremu Māpango i te Kohikohi Tauira

Ko ngā puremu māpango e whakamahi ana i ngā muka hangai āhuahua hei waihanga i tētahi pūtini mata-nui. Hei āwhina tēnei hanganga mīhini ki:

• 300% te nui ake o te noho tākarotia i te paraihe
• 15-25% te whakapai ake i ngā kaupapa tuhatuhatanga
• Ko te kohikohi kua whakapai ake mō ngā tauira makere me ngā sel epithelial

Whakapōki vs. Tuhatuhatanga Tauira: He aha e nui ana mō te Tika o te Whakamātau

Ahakoa he wainga te whakapōki, ko ngā rangahau himatia e whakaatu ana ko te uara tuhatuhatanga he nui ake te pānga ki ngā putanga whakatau mate:

Kua tīmata ngā rāwhiti ki te whai mātai i ngā paraihe e ōrite ana te whakapainga hei whakamahi i ngā tāwhai PCR me ngā pāpāpaku kawe virū.

HydraFlock® me ngā Tauāhua Ahumahi

He aha ngā āhuatanga o ngā paraihe pakari whakarerekē:

1. Te hangarau muka mutu-patu : 40% te rahi ake o te mata wāhi
2. Te takotoranga tuanui-rua o te paraihe : Hoko atu te whai mātai me te tango tere
3. Ngā pūkete e kore e pāngia e ngā matū : Tiakina te maroke (-80°C ki te 120°C)

I whakaatu ngā whakamātautau whakamāoritanga:

• 69% whakahoki pāpaku vs. 53% i ngā paraihe tikanga
• 25% tere ake te wehe i ngā punaha aunoatia
• 99.8% te whai wāhi o ngā tuarā

Ngā Paerewa Whakapakari me te Haumāru mō ngā Paraihe Rongoā

EtO vs. Whakapakari Ira: Te Whakawhitinga i waenganui i ngā Tikanga Whakapakari

Ko te umu iti EtO (Ethylene oxide) e pakaru ana i roto i te takotoranga engari me tuku ai mō te 24-48 haora kia tutuki ai i ngā paerewa a te FDA (≤1 ppm). Kāore he toihana a te whakapakari ira gamma engari ka māki ai pea ngā hua - i kite te tūhuratanga ASTM 2023 i te 12% iti ake te kaha taraiwa i ngā miro nainai kua whakatika. Ko ngā kaihanga e arataki ana ki ngā paerewa ISO 11135 (EtO) me ISO 11137 (gamma).

Ngā Tono Mātai mō ngā Taiao Hauora me ngā Rarangi

Me whai te Rawa Whakamarie (SAL) ≤10⁻⁶ ngā hua e paingia ana i te hauora. Mō ngā kōpae horoi vīrara, me pupuri i te noho mā a ngā paraihe mō te 30-90 rā i raro i ngā tikanga rokiroki ISO 11607. Ngā rūma horoi e arataki ana ki ngā tihard ISO 14644 Class 7/8 (≤352,000 ngota/m³).

Ngā Tohu Matua mō ngā Paraihe Kāhore e Hurihia

Te Whakatakoto i te Hoahoa Swab ki ngā Mahi Mātai Māuiui me ngā Rarangi Kohinga

Nasopharyngeal tonu ranei Oropharyngeal Sampling

Ko ngā swab nasopharyngeal e whakamahi ana i ngā paraka anuanu (3-4 mm) me ngā karu nylon kua rōrere, ka huinga 34% atu ake ngā pātu vīrara tēnā i ngā hoahoa takotoranga. Ko ngā swab oropharyngeal e whakamahi ana i ngā karu polyester-nghohiko mō te whakapānga o te mata nui ake.

Te Tautoko Māuiui, Ngā Rarangi me te Whakawhitinga o ngā Pātu Vīrara

Ko ngā swab diagnostik he matua whakamātau i te kaha herekau - ko te polyurethane hydrophobic ka whakapaunga 92% o ngā tauira tēnā i te 78% mō te paru. Ko ngā aronga herekau kei:

• Te pupuritanga o ngā nucleic acid
• Te rere o ngā kikokiko kimihia
• te panonitanga o te pH

Te Whakawhitiwhitinga o te Swab me ngā Solvent me ngā Kikokiko Kimihia

I tētahi rangahau mate tau 2023 ka kitea ko te 21% o ngā tauira kirihou i kitea he hononga ki te whakakino o te swab me te tuanui.

Ngā Swab Kārea Kaiwhakamahi vs. Ngā Swab Kārea Matua Mōhio

Ngā Tūmanako Arataki Mahi me te Kiko Pūmanawa

Ko ngā rerekē matua ko:

Ko ngā tohutohu a CDC mō te tau 2023 e whakarātō ana i ngā paraihe kua whakaaetia e te FDA mō te whakarāranga SARS-CoV-2 nā te pānga ki te rīwhi tiohere o te taupunga i ngā hua hokohoko. Ka pai ake te huinga tauira mā ngā paraihe hauora, e 34% te nui ake i ngā tauira karu-taringa.

FAQ

He aha ngā painga matua o ngā paraihe hangahanga tēnā i ngā paraihe paruhi?

E whakawhanake ake ana ngā paraihe hangahanga i te kaha o te whakapainga tauira, te herekore ki ngā mea āhua, me te iti ake te mōrearea o te wehe haehae, nā reira he pai ake mō ngā whakamahinga whakatau mate.

Me pēhea te whakapai aha o te hangarau paraihe tuara rūrū i te huinga tauira?

Ko ngā paraihe tuara rūrū e waihanga ana i tētahi mata o te rahinga-mata ki ngā kowhatu tuarangi, ka pai ake ai te whakapā, ngā tere whakapainga, me te kiko huinga mō ngā tauira makere.

He aha ngā tikanga whakaputanga mō ngā paraihe whai kounga hauora?

Ko te taputapu hihi (EtO) me te hihi gamma ngā tikanga whakaputanga e mōhiotia ana, e kau ana ki ēnei anō ō whai pānga me ngā here i te pupuri i te kounga o te matapae.