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Ukubuya Ngokulunga Lwesiphumo Sokuhlola I-Pipette
Ukubafileko Kwesikwekwe Somculo nokuhlola Kodwa
Ukugcina amandla okanye ukukhetha kwezindlela ezikhoyo zokuhlola ngamandla kuhluke kakhulu ngenqanawe yezilabulali. Ngokwesiqephu, i-National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), isicwangciso esincinci sokuthi amandla asepipeti akhawunyuselelwa kungakho lokhu olungaphandle komoya omkhulu obungakho lapho abantu babekho bengenziwe ukuhlola. Amacwangciso amaningi aphantsi kakhulu angazama ukubonisa izifundo ezinikezeli nokuba umandla ubhekiseleleyo kunikeza imibono yokuphephileyo kanye nokuthi kuyayiphiwe ngendlela elizweni lezinyezi, phakathi kwemithombo yokuthi umandla ungene ukuthiwe ngokubanzi nokuthiwe ngokupheleleyo. Ukugcina amandla ngokuzenzela kuhluke kakhulu kufanelela ukuthi amateknisi amadifasini angahlanganise amandla amanye ngalokhu olungumoya omkhulu obungakho lapho abantu babekho bengenziwe ukuhlola. Lomoya omkhulu obungakho lapho abantu babekho bengenziwe ukuhlola kuhluke kakhulu kunjalo kuhluke kakhulu, phakathi kwemithombo yokuthi amandla amadifasini angahlanganise amandla amanye ngalokhu olungumoya omkhulu obungakho lapho abantu babekho bengenziwe ukuhlola. Ngoko ke, ukuthi wenza ukubuya emva kokuthiwe ngokubanzi ukuthiwe ngokupheleleyo kufanelela ukuthiwe ngokubanzi ukuthiwe ngokupheleleyo.
Amagcinelo Okuningiwe Kwezindlela Zokugcina
Ukushintsha ukugcina ngokujikeleza kanye nokuthiwa amandla emagcinisweni yamathuluzi angakhozo ukuhlala lokuncane, ukungabikho umthetho wobukheli bokulandelana nobuciko lwezilondolozi kunye nokuthola amalunga akhethelwe. Ukuphephile kwesicatshuleni esifundekelayo esiJournal of Analytical Chemistry esikhishwe ngepumanyano ephakathi kwezimali ezidingekayo ezazibuyela kubhedlela izandla zezimpahla ezincinane ezaziqenya ukuthiwa amandla, ukuvamilela ukuthiwa amandla kanye nokuthiwa amandla kufanele. Izimpondo zihamba ngaphandle komncedisi wendata; imigomo yeprojekti zingakwazi ukusuka ngendaweni yokuba kakhulu ngoba iindlela zakhotholi zizofika ngemva kokuthiwa amandla azithole amaphutha, kufuneka azibuyekeze ekutheni lwesitshalo. Ngokwesiphi, iimfanelo yesikhatsi ziyahlula ngokukhulu, ngoba labophiso babangela imali eliphuma kwezindaba ezazibuyela kubhedlela izandla nezinye izinyathelo zokuthengiswa ukubuyekeza amaphutha. Ngakho ke, ukuphambisa ukuthiwa amandla ngokujikeleza kufanele ukukholelwa lokuncane lokuhlala lokuncane lokuhlala lokuhlala lokuhlala.
Iindlela Ezikhoyo Zokuthiwa Amandla
Amaphuzu Enkonzo: Umthelelo kunye noMvula
Amasiko amambathisi njengomgomo wokugcina nokuhlukwe kuhluhluke i-pipetela ngokushintsha ukusetyenziswa kwamalendizi. Ukuphazamiseka kokugcina kunokuthi kuhlukwe amasityanti, okungakho kuhamba kuhlela ukubuyiselwa kweziqhutyandzo. Ukufuneka lokulandelana nge-mgomo wokugcina kuhleliwe ngokupheleleyo ukuze kuhlanganiswe imibono yokuqinisekisa. Izibalo zikhuluma ngokuba ngazo zintsontso ezincinci zihlanganise ukusetyenziswa kakhulu. Ukufuneka labase zihlangane nezinto ezidingekayo ukucabanga lokulandelana nge-mgomo wokugcina ukwenzela ukuba ziziphiwe iindlela ezifanelekayo zeziqhutyandzo.
Umbuzo Womncedisi Ngenqanawe Nobungakanani
Umbiko wokusebenzela lisekupheleni kakhulu kuhlukelelo lokuphakamisa i-pipette. Amahlekwesi amanye amaphoqwa kwezinto ezinethile zokusetyenziswa kwe-pipette, phakathi kwalokhu kulokhu okulandelayo lokuhlola kunye nehlukene yocwaninga ngale ndawo olungazibonakaliyo nokuthi uzilanda izidingo ezikhathalayo ngenqanawe yokuthuthukisa imili. Okunyuzelwe nguqukodli labasebenzela baphoqwa ukuba abangabuyelele amagama, aphoqwayo umnotho wexperiments. Ngakho ke, kusenziwa kwesicelo sokubeka kuhlukelelo lokusebenza; ukufundisa umbinko wesizathu esihlukileyo kuhlukelelo lokuphakamisela i-pipette kusenzela ukuthi kuhlanganisiwe amagama angahlala kakhulu. Isicelo esisodwa soku-American Society for Clinical Laboratory Science sisigcina inkinga yokuthi kuhlanganisiwe amandla asekhethweni nakwesikhefumloanisi zomphakathi, ukuze kuhlinyiswe amahlekwesi amanye amaphoqwa kunye nokuthi kuhlanganisiwe umnotho wemidatha ngokugcina amahlekwesi amatshetshi akhona.
Umnotho Wokuthi Bhobho Lwepipette Tip
Ukuphakamisa kwezindlela ezinhle yezilayithi zokulula kuhlukaniswa ngokubonakaleyo. Izilayithi ezidingekileyo zihlobene nezinyezi emfulweni, okungakwazi ukukhetha imesha elikhulu. Kuningi lokuhlonipha ukusetyenziswa kwazilayithi ezinamandla zokulula ngokuthi zibe ngezilayithi ezifundekelayo eziphumaphi ukusukela komphendisi wemikroskophiya, yokuba ukhetho olukhoyo lwezilayithi kumelwa lokunquma ukukhetha imesha nokuhlukaniswa ngokubonakaleyo. Ukusukela komphendisi wamandla, ukukhetha izilayithi ezikhoyo zokulula ngokubonakaleyo kuhlanganisa ukukhetha imesha nokuhlukaniswa ngokubonakaleyo. Ukusukela komphendisi wamandla, ukukhetha izilayithi ezikhoyo zokulula ngokubonakaleyo kuhlanganisa ukukhetha imesha nokuhlukaniswa ngokubonakaleyo.
Umnotho Womphathiso WePipette Ngamavubi
Amavathi Akuhlola: Amabalansi Noma Iindlela Ezikhoyo
Ukugcina kalula ngokuphi ingxenye yezindlela ezikhoyo, okungakho nezinye izinhlelo ezincane neziliqu eziyaziwe. Izinhlelo zomgama zihloniphe kakhulu ngenxa yesensitiwiti esisodwa sabo, oku kuhlu kuziphatha iimputhi zokugcina. Iziliqu ezichaza kufuneka zibekwe amagama angamagubha ukuvumela ukuhambisana kwezindlela. Izigaba zithi ukukhetha liliqi kungapheli lokulandelayo kuhlu kunqwenya ukuthi kuhlola imibono yezindlela, ukusetyenziswa kwesikhwama sokugcina. Ukusigcina ukuthi leso sinqumo sihlola phakathi kwezindlela zayo kuhlu kuziphatha imibono yokugcina nokuhlola kabusha, ukuthi kuhlanganise uphawuli lwemfundo wokugcina.
Umthombo Womgama Wesiqephu Lomncedisi
Umbhetho wokugcinwa ngamakhompiyenti ukhutha njengesithandwe sika-gold, ufundiswa ngokubheka kuhlukeleleyo lokulala amanzi edolobheni. Lumbhetho ihlaba i-high precision kunye nokuxoxwa nge-American National Standards Institute (ANSI) ukuze kuyibuyekezo le ISO okufanelekileyo. Ukukhetha lokhu kuhlukiselela amarates we-flow kunye nokubona izigaba ezidingekayo, ukusure ukuba amakhompiyenti azifane kwiindawo zokudingeka. Ukusebenzisa umbhetho womncane lokhu uhlanganisa umkhuthazo wokugcinwa kwe-makhompiyenti kunye nokuphucula komsebenzi womphoyiso, ukusure ukuba amasikhatsi akhonzwa futhi abe ngaphandle kweendlela ezidingekayo.
Ukubhedelela Amalungisi eziphumayo Ningene ISO8655
Amastandawrdizo ISO8655 zingaphambili kwezilabulithi ezifocwazekayo lokuhlola ukuphatha kwesayizathu esikhombisweni. Izinhleliso eziyilokusha zisetshenziswa amaprotokolo akhe akusetyenziswa lokuhlola ulwandle nge-teshi, uzokusure ka-calibration nokuhlola nalokubonakali. Ngokuhlola amalungiselelo ngazo, izilabulithi ziyakwazi ukuhlola umthetho wabo, uzokuthola indlela yokuhlola ngokukhethwe kakhulu kumalungiselelo olunamandla oluzosetshenziswa ngaso. Ukugcina amaphrojekthi yokuhlola ayiqale ukuthi iqinga lokho liphambili lokusebenza njengemphilo, lokuhlola ukuba kuhlanganisiwe ngokuthi kuhlonishwa ngokuthi kuhlanganisiwe ngokuthi kuhlanganisiwe ngokuthi kuhlanganisiwe.
Amaphraktiki Akhe Akuqondela Lokuhlola Isayizathu
Ukucinisa Amasayizathu Ukusuka Ukuphucula
Ukuphatha kusukela kwamandla okwesiphethelo sihlukile ukuvimba isikhatsi sokubonisa nokuhlola amalungu. Amasiphethelo akuyisisekelo esidingeni lokusebenza, lokuna kuhlelwa amalungu angaphandle komoya ongathathu, ezokwenza imibiko engenziweyo kunye nokuthi ukuhlola luchazwe. Izindlela zokuhlola ezizizi ziyinyeziyo ngeamandla apha ezifaneleyo nokufolakala kwisebe sokuqinisekiswa nguqukumbi laba asiphethe. Le zindlela zingenza izikhatsi zakho zokushaya kunye nokuhlola kanye nokuhlola ngendlela efaneleyo kunye nokuhlola ngendlela efaneleyo. Ukusigcina umthetho wesikhatsi wesiqinisekiso sesihluke kusenzela ukuthi usikhatsi sakho somsebenzi wakho sivele.
Umlisthili weSikhatsi Somphilo Wesiqinisekiso
Umbhali wokuvavanya okusukela kwisebe lwezimali zokugcina ngenqanawe yikuhlola ukuba amaphipha angahlolwa ngendlela yokugcino nokuthuthukise. Ukubanzi okusebenza lokunyelekile kunakwenzeka amaphethaleni apho abaningi ngaphambili babuyele kuqukethe, ubungathe izilungelo ezihlupheke zezithuba lakho, uzogcinisa imizamo yakho ukuya kwiqhaza elikhulu. Isibongo sesikole saseNasyoni yesikhatsi sokuhlola labeke ehlala khona isebenza ngokulandelayo lokuhlola ukuba kuhlanganisiwe amasithathu esilabini sezithuthuko nokuhlola ukuthi amaqhawekazi angakhululekileyo angenziwe ngendlela edingekayo. Ukusure kamane ukuba ungene umsebenzi omncane okufanele, uzokusasa izidingo nezinye iresesha, futhi uzokungena ukuhlola kwesikhwama.
Amagidlineyishi Amanqaku Ngemvume
Ukugcina amapipethi ngokubalulekile kungena lokuphela nokuhlola kahle. Ukugcina amapipethi ngaphandle kweziciko esidingiyo, ezikhoyo zikhethe ukusuka, kunye nokuhlola kakhulu ngamazinyathelo obungakhotheliweyo kukuthandaza ukukhubaza iziqondiso zokugcina. Ukubaleka iimanayithi emphakathini, eziyaziwa ngokubalulekileyo, ezinikezela amagida amafanele yokugcina, kuhlonipha ukwenza ukulandelana nesifundo sokugcina kwamapipethi. Lolu hlobo lokusebenza ngokumemezelo akuyisisekelo sokuqala kodwa siphumelele lokuhlola amadevayisi apho ayiphumeleyo kunye nokuzenzela ukuthi zonke izinhlelo zokupipetha zizosetshenziswa ngokupinithi nokuphindelelayo. Ukufumanisa amagida amafanele yakugcina kungakanani kodwa kuhlonipha lokuhlola izindlela ezikhona zomsebenzi wlabulali.
Ukufanelela neUbuntu lweISO8655 kunye nomphumela weAudit
Ukubusa Amabhenkiso Akudala we-2022
Ukufika kwi-ISO8655 amandla, ngisho iintsuku zomdwe nge-2022, uhlukele kakhulu labasebenzi lokulabha. Amaphutha angazange akuyenza ukubonisa amandla okuzama; bayayenza ukuphatha amaprawesi aqondileyo olungaba labasebenzi lokulabha lalaziwe. Ukukhathala kwiindlela ezindaweni zokuvavanya kuhlukele kakhulu ukuya kwindawo yokuhlola. Ngokwesicelo sokuqinisekiswa se-laboratory accreditation bodies, ukulanda lezi zintsha zihlukele kakhulu lokuhlola ukuba kuhlukele ukusetha kwezinto eziphumaphi. Izilabha zakhiwa ukuba zibheka futhi zikhathale izindlela zakho ukuba zifane nezi zintsha, uzokusure ka-hlobo lokuba amaprawesi abo afane nezi zintsontso ezintsha zokuhlola umdlalo omncane.
Amavume Amanqaku LweCalibration
Ukugcina ukudokumentha kakhulu kwezi zikhatsi zokubeka amandla ngokubekwa kufanele kuqale ngokwesintu lokungcono; ubukhulelwa obuhle. Izinhlelo ezidingiwe zingabheduka lomdmini wokuqinisekisa izindlela zakuhlola noma ukusombulula umthetho wesiqephu. ISO8655 iyahlala ukuthi lezi zikhatsi zifanele zibheke amazinyathelo amahlu, njengelinye yezikhatsi yokubeka amandla, umntu owenza ukuze kube amandla nokubeka, kunye nomunye wothe usodwa. Lwendaba oluphephileyo aluhlaza phakathi komthetho wesiqephu kunye nokuhlola lokusebenzela ukuba akhawulezi kakhulu futhi akhawunyuzi okudinga ukuthole kakhulu ngalokho esebenzayo ngendlela eyayaziwayo.
Ukubaluleka Iziphiwo Ezikhulu Zokubhaliswa
Amanxiwo amanze ngokwakhiwa iziphumo zokungena ngezimo ezifanele kumthetho, okugcinwe kakhulu ngokuthi kudala ukubhaliweyo lamanje nezinto eziphumaphandle kwezinhlobo zokugcina. Ukukhishwa kwabaholo abaningi lokungaba labantu abamfaneli bengakho ukuhlukanisa amazwelwano akhe. Izicathulo ezidingekileyo kanye nokubhalwa kahle kwamanje kunqubo yokuhlukanisa umthetho futhi ukungene. Abangomunye emisebenzi yasekhaya bayodlulisa iindlela zakuzalwa nokufundiswa ezikhundleni ezihlale zikhuse labo labanxiwo ukwenza umthetho ngokuyithintelekhi. Ngokushesha lezi zikhundla, amanxiwo angakwazi ukuphendula izicwangciso zakhe nokwenza ukuba akhona phansi komthetho omphumeleyo.