Pūtake ki te Whiriwhiringa i ngā Pūtahi Kaitahi Tōronga hei whakamahi i roto i ngā Mahi Rata

Te Mōhio i ngā Taumata o ngā Pūtahi Rangitiratira

Ngā Tohu Matua mō te Whakamahi Rōpū

Nā ngā tohu whakamana i tautoko i te haumaru me te wehi o ngā kōwhai rongoā, ka whakaritea he mea ki te hiahia rōngorongo. He tino mahi nui tētahi, ko te ISO 13485, e whakarite ana ngā pai mataara mō ngā ratonga whakahaere utu mō te hanga i ngā āhua rongoā. Nā tēnei whakahoki i whakapakari ai te aha kua hanga i te wā kia whai i ngā paerewa tuatahi me ngā pūnaha tuatahi o te ao. Ko te whakaae FDA 510(k) hoki he mea nui mō ngā āhua mō te whakamahinga i te Tira Koa o te U.S., nā tēnei ka whakapakari i ngā kāwanatanga kia whakaatu mai ko ō rātau mahi he haumaru me te wehi. Mō ērā e hiahia ana ki te tautoko i te paerewa o te Ihipa, kāore i whakaaetia ngā kōwhai i runga i te tohu CE, e whakapuhaina ana he mea kua pau kē ngā kōwhai i ngā whakaaetanga hauora me te haumaru. Ka whakapakari ēnei whakaaetanga i tō matou hihiri i te whakawātea o ngā kōwhai rongoā hei whakamahi i waenganui i ngā tuhinga rōngorongo.

Te Whakapiki vs. Te Pūtake Mahi

Ka whakaaro i ngā kōpū hoki rongoā, ko te whakapakari me te tango i ngā taumata kōpū he mea nui mo ngā horopaki whakamomori. Ko te whakapakari he wheako o te wai e hoki ai te kōpū, ka whakaae mai ana i te utu o te pūngao kōpū. Nga kōpū e whakapakari ana, kei te pai hei kawe i ngā wai, engari kaore i te pai ki te whakawehi haere. Hoki hoki, ko ngā kōpū e hangaia ana mo te tahuri āwhina i te taumata, pēnei i ngā kōpū flocked, ka whakatikaia ki te whakangungu i te taumata i roto i te pai, kaore i te pai ki te whakapakari i a ia. Ko ēnei kōpū ka whai i te whiu matua, kaore i ngā pūngao whakapakari, hei whakahaere i te kaihono katoa me te pai o te taumata. Ko te mātauranga me te mōhio whakahirahira e whakaatu ana he nui noa te whiu o ēnei atawahe i te pai o te taumata me te pai o ngā hua whakamomori: e rima ngā take e whakaatu ana i te mea he nui te tīmatanga o te kōpū pai.

Ngā Whakaaetanga o te Pūmau Poutoko e Pā Ana ki te Tipe o te Mahi

Te wheako o te roroa o te swab he mea nui i te whakamatau, e hāngai ana i te tūtohu o te mahi ā-mihi. He rite nui ngā wāhi ā-waha mō ngā huringa kiko, ko ngā swab nasopharyngeal e rite ana ki te wehewehe i te rua o te ihu hei whakaatu i te kiro o te haere mai nei me te haere atu, ka whakamahia ki te whakamahi i te whakapaku hopihopiroa. E pai rawa anō he whakamahi i te swab mate i te wheako matua mo te whakahaere me te whakaae. Ko te pūmau o te roroa o te swab he whakaaetanga tuatahi i runga i te whakawhanake me te manaaki i te tangata whakarongo, no reira, he mea nui te whakatau i te rautaki raro raroa. He mea nui hoki ngā tohutohu me ngā tikanga pai kia whiriwhiria ai te rautaki raro raroa e pai ana i te whakamahi i te swab me te manaaki i te tangata whakarongo mō ngā mahi ā-mihi.

Whakamatakitaki i te whakapuare kawe i runga i nga hua pai rawa

Pima vs. Rara Whakarite - Nga whakaaetanga

Kei roto i te ao o ngā pere whakamārama, me pēhea te tīmata — mīhini rānei, nō reira he hanganga e hiahia ana. E mohiotia ana ngā pere mīhini mō ōna āhuatanga whenua tahuri me te pai tonu mō: manaaki i te hunga mate, me te whāngai i ngā wāhi, ā, me te kawe atu i ngā taonga kore tangata, me te tā i ngā whakawehenga ki runga i te kiriata. Nā reira, ka taea e te mīhini te whakahē i ngā āhuatanga inahanga, ko ōna āhuatanga piriponi e taea ai te whakamutunga i ngā mahi taketake, e kī nei Puritan Medical Products. I te tuarua, e whakaaro ana ngā iwi hangarau, pēnei i te porera me te niho rākau, hei whakapai i te rangatiratanga me te wehewehe ake i te take. Hei tauira, ko te porera e pai ana te tango mona, me te whakarite hei whakamahi mō ngā mahi taketake me ngā tūtohitanga PCR. Ko te rangahau e whakaatu ana i te āhua o ēnei hanganga i te mahi i roto i te ao oranga, ka whakaatu i ō rātou tohu matua — "mīhini nā te mea ka whakanui", me "hangarau noa iho mō te kawe take mona".

Nga Paerewa o te Whakangungu Pūtango

Ngā kōpū whakapuaki whakaritea he mōhio nui ki te ao i roto i te marae o te hīnau taurangi. Ko te hoahoa microporous ā-wawe e whai ake ana i ngā pūraho polyester (rango) e noho ai i te waenga, hei whiwhi i te mea whakanuia, me te tino pai rawa ake i te whakawhiti i ngā taunakitanga i runga i ngā rata o ngā pūraho kē. Ko tēnei whakamātau e hiahia ana ki te whai i te wā ka taea te whakaora i te kotahi o ngā taunakitanga. Kua whakaritea e te hapori o ngā toiora me ngā kaiwhiwhi hauora anō, ko ngā kōpū whakapuaki flocked, pēnei i te HydraFlock o Puritan, e whai ake nei i ngā painga tino pai, e hoki haere ana i ngā hua o te whakamātau. Ko tana hoahoa hou he mea nui i a koe i roto i tētahi wāhi kei reira te tiaki i te mana o tō taunakitanga.

Whakaritea mai ki ngā Pū Kuhu Saliva

Te whakarite i ngā kōkōpihi me te kohi roko iwi he mea nui ki ngā pūtake matua o ngā whakatau DNA me RNA. He pai rawa ngā waehere o ngā kōkōpihi mō ngā poaka kohi roko iwi e taea te whakawehe, ā, e whai ake ana tēnei i te wāhanga o te whakamātau. E whai ake ana ngā kōrero rangahau o nāianei i te hiahia kia hautū ngā kōkōpihi me ngā poaka kohinga e paihere ana ki ngā paerewa hinenga o te whenua, no reira, e āhei ana hoki tētahi iti noa iho o te herekorenga ki te whakatutuki i te whakawai i te rautaki o te pūnaha. He mea nui tēnei whakapono i roto i tētahi raorao e hoko ana i ngā rautaki geneati me te whakamārama whakawhitiwhiti, ina ka taea e ia te tirotiro i te whakamana me te kore whakarite o ngā taumata kohi mō te whakamātau, kāore i whakapāwhiriwhiria ki te whakapae rerekē rānei, hei whakaae i te kore whakawhanaunga rānei.

Ngā Paerewa Whakamahi EtO me ngā Ture Haumaru

EtO vs. Ngā Rautaki Whakahirahira Gamma

Ko te etiheni okside (EtO) e whakamahi ana hei tirotiro i ngā rautaki hauora, nō reira ka taea e ia te whitiwhiti i roto i ngā wāhanga iti, ā, in particular ki ngā hanga e whai ake nei i te whakararahi o te werawera, me te uru o te wai. Ki ngā āhuatanga EtO he nui ngā pai, pērā i te mahi i runga i ngā rautaki matihiko, heoi anō he nui ngā hapa hoki, īnā kua hiahia ki te whakawhitiwhiti i ngā momo rongoā i whakamahia hei tirotiro. I te wāhanga ke, mō te tirotiro i te rama, e whakamahi ana i ngā rama huatau nui, e tuku ana i te paihere ā-hangenga pai me te paihere whakapakari, me te tino taea rawa ki te whitiwhiti i roto i ngā kaihoko katoa. Ahakoa e tutuki ana ngā take kotahi, ko te whakamātau tonu o te tirotiro i te rama i whakaatuia mai ana hei tino pai. Kaore e tika te kawe iho i te tikanga tirotiro pai mo te hanga whakamahia me te tūranga e hiahia ana ki te whakamahi mo ngā totohu, ko tēnei te katoa e whakatau ana ki te haumaru me te paihere.

Nga Tohu Whakauru Pākiri

Te whakaūnga o te kōwhiringa he mea nui i te āhua o te taurite rorohiko hei whai wāhi i te whakamahana, ā, e hia ai ngā tohu pērā i te whakapuaki o te taurite me ngā paerau materiana hei whakarite i te whakamahana. Me whai katoa ngā paiarahinga whakaruruhau i runga i tēnei tikanga hei tautoko i te mea kaore he hanga i whakatere ki te waewae, me te haere tonu. Nō te mahere mō ngā whakaaetanga tika, ka whakamana ngā tikanga whakaruruhau nei i te take iwi mai i ngā pūrongo mō ngā tirohanga haumaru, e whakaatu ana i te hononga i waenganui i ngā kōwhiringa tika me te wehewehe iti. E whangai ana ngā pūrongo o ēnei tirohanga i te mea ko ngā waehae i roto i ngā kōwhiringa ka whakapai ngā hōhonu o te mate, e whakaū ana i te nui o te nohoanga mo ngā kōwhiringa tika pērā i te Tyvek. He nui te hiahia kia mōhio ai ngā hangaenga me ngā kaiwhakanui oranga ki ēnei tikanga nui hei tautoko i te tirotiro me te whakaae ki te tiaki i te haumaru me te pūmau o te hua.

Tuhituhi Whakaaetanga Tahi-Whakamahi

Nga rekoata whakahaere kore e hiahia ana ki nga rekoata whakahaere mo nga tikanga ture, e whakatau ana i te whakarite o nga mea ki nga tikanga haumaru mo te whakamahi. Ko enei tuhinga he tohu whakaae mai na he mea haumaru te hua, me etahi rorohiko whakauru i te whakapapa o te hua ka whakamahia hei whakaatu i te whakapapa o te hua mai i te wa i waihanga ia ki te wa i whakamahi ia. Nga mahi whakahaere i roto i nga whenua e whakamana ana i nga tuhinga whakahaere hei wahi matua mo te tari kawenga me te whakatika i te mohiotanga, a ko nga katoa e pakiaka ana ki nga raupapa taiao o nga rongoa ka noho i te manaakitanga. He pai rawa te tuhinga tika hei whakahau i te kore whakahaere, ahakoa e whakapakari ana i te whiwhinga kei waenganui i nga hangaenga me nga whakamahi tuwhera. E hirara ana enei tikanga tuhi rekoata mo te whakarite i te whiu o nga huarahi whakahaere mo nga mea orokohanga rongoa, hei whakamahi me te whakahaere pai.

Te Kiteke i nga Whangaehae Nga Pūtake Matihiko

Nasopharyngeal tonu ranei Oropharyngeal Sampling

Kia whakatau i ngā kōpūtahi, mōhio ki ngā āhuatanga e pā ana i ngā taumata nasopharyngeal me ngā taumata oropharyngeal. Ko ngā kōpūtahi nasopharyngeal ka hanga hei hoko i ngā tauwāhine mai i te ara wheki ki te kauwhe o runga i te ihu. Ki ngā mate hāpai, he pai tēnei tukanga nā te mea ka puta ake te nuinga o ngā tauwāhine, engari kaore e pai tonu ki ngā mate. Anō hoki, ko ngā kōpūtahi oropharyngeal he tukanga iti iho ki te hoko i te tauwāhine, ahakoa he pai tonu, he pai hoki te whakapau ki te pai o te hoko. He kōrero whai take mai ngā kaiwhakaako, he pai rawa anō ngā kōpūtahi nasopharyngeal ki ngā mate pēnei i te COVID-19, nā te mea ka whiwhi haeretanga rahi atu i ngā vīra i runga i ngā kōpūtahi oropharyngeal. I whakaaturia e tētahi tuhinga hou i The Lancet te pai motuhake o te hoko nasopharyngeal mō te kite i ngā vīra hāpai, whakamana anō i te āhuatanga o te kōpūtahi i whakaae ai ki te tikanga o te whakamātau.

Ngā hiahia mō te tirotiro puare ki ngā rauemi whakarongo

Kāore anō te hanga me te pūngao o te kawe i tana nui ngā whakapā mai ki runga i tētahi wāhi, inā kīia ai he kawe mō te tirotiro whenua ki tētahi kē. Hei tauira, he whai hua nui te āhua o te whakapuaki i ngā kawe whenua hei whakatika i te tahae me te waipiro i te whenua, e whiwhi ana i tētahi pūngao puhipuhi. I te wāhanga tuatahi, e whakaaro ana ngā kawe mō te tirotiro (kawe tirotiro rānei, kawe upoko) kia pai ai te whakamahi i ngā taumata me te whakahoki i ngā taumata, me te whakamahere kia whakamahia ngā microfiber nylon hei whakatū tonu i ngā taumata. Ka puta te whakamahi i ngā kawe e kore ana i te whai i te tikanga hei whakarerekē i te oranga, ka puta hoki ko te kohinga kē o ngā taumata i whakaatu ana i tētahi raraunga i te Pukapuka Whakawhitiwhiti Kōrero Whenua, i whakapā mai ai i te whai tikanga o te kawe mō te mahi. Ki te kore e whai tikanga ana te momo kawe, ka noho rawa atu te āheinga i te tirotiro, ka puta hoki he nui rawa ake ngā hua kino mō te tangata whakamanawa i te whakahaere i ngā whenua, mēnā kāore i whai tikanga te momo kawe.

Te whakaaetanga o te mīhini whakatuku iri

Ko te whakarite o ngā kōkōtanga me ngā mīhini whakahoki ārero hei tū tonu i te wā. Kei raro i ēnei he nui ngā momo kōkōnga, pērā i ngā kōkōnga porotai, kōkōnga perehu, ā, ka āheinga ēnei ki ngā putanga whakamatau i te mea kua heke i te mana hua o te rautaki i te whakawehi. Ki te kōrero a te CDC, ko tā rātou he mea nui kē te whakamahi i ngā kōkōtanga e whai ake ana i te mīhini whakawehi i tētahi tuara hei whakaea i te whakaputu mai o te taumata. Hei tauira, he mea whakarite a te CDC te whakauru i ngā kōkōnga porotai me ngā mīhini whakahoki ārero hei whakaū i te nui rawa o te huihuinga me te tū tonu. Me whakamahi i te momo kōkōtanga e taea ana te whakamana i te mana hua o te huihuinga i mua i te whakamatau. Me mohio, me mahi tūpato ki ēnei ture whakarite hei whakatika i te tino tika me te tūponotanga o ngā whakamatautanga rōpū.